“kadjekek f”kiwjdj mQZ f”kiwjdjekek
iq<s fl/n iq:’k Eg.kwu vksG[kys tk.kkjs xksfoaniar ?kksljokMdj “kadjekekaps ^firkJh* xksfoaniarkauk o;kP;k vkBO;k o’kkZiklwu gkyfl/nukFkkapk lapkj gksrk- R;kauh nSoh lkeF;kZoj R;kaP;k vkbZ ofMykapk vlysyk fojks/k eksMwu dk<yk gksrk- uoukjk;.kkph vkBO;k Eg.ktsp lR; ukjk;.kkpk gk vorkj vlwu txks/nkjklkBh rs Hkwrykoj vorjys vkgsr- xq:pfj=kr o.kZu dsysY;k dkgh peRdkjklkj[ks peRdkj xksfoaniarkP;k }kjkuk ;kauh d:u nk[kfoys- ,dnk xksfoan iarkauk lapkj >kY;kus R;kuk rhu eqykaP;k ckikyk cksykoys Eg.kts vkiY;k firkJhukp cksykoys( dkj.k xksfoaniarkauk nksu /kkdVs HkkÃ… gksrs- 1 ckGkth iar 2 Jhikniar Eg.kwu rs rhu eqykaps oMhy R;kauk cksykowu ,d Hkfo’;ok.kh lkafxryh- vjs rq>;k ifgY;k ikG.;kph nksjh cGdV vkgs] “ksoVP;k ikG.;kph nksjh cGdV vkgs] ek= e/kY;k ikG.;kph nksjh rqVyh vkgs c?k]* nknk Eg.kts ifgyk ikG.kk R;kapk oa’k vuqL;wr >kyk- /kkdVs Jhikniar R;kpk gh oa’k vckf/kr jkfgyk i.k e/kyk ckGkthiarkauk dkgh eqGckG >kysys ukgh] R;keqGs rks oa’k [kqaVyk- rh nknkaP;k pqyr ?kj.;kar nsf[ky rhu HkkÃ… ifgys fo’.kqiar] nqljs x.kirjko] frljs “kkejko e/kY;kpk oa’k ukgh- fu;rhph xaer c?kk [kqn~n xksfoaniarkauk rhu eqys 1½ O;adV™k 2½ kadj 3½ vkIikjko “kadj gs e/kys- nsokaps HkfDr Lej.kkar Boswu dh dk; dks.kkl Bkmd & R;kauh “kadj ;k vkiY;kp vkR;kauk nRrd ?kkrys vkf.k xkMhus :G cnyyk- “kadjjko ;kauk vkR;k vki.k ^’kadjekek* Eg.kw rs ekek dls >kys rs nsf[ky vks?kkar lkafxrys tkbZyp
“kadjekekapk tUe 9-11-1909 lkyh >kyk- R;kps firkJh&xksfoaniar ?kksljokMdj&?kksljokMdj ljdkjkaP;kdMs dkjdwu gksrs- iq<s eqykaP;k f’k{k.kklkBh Eg.kwu R;kauh vkiys fcÚgkM lkaxyhl dsys gksrs- lkaxyhl ikatkj iksGkar jgkr vls frFks njjkst laFkinh frFks pkyr gksrh- “kadjekekaph frFks eqat >kyh xkbZPk dGikar R;kaph ^eqat * >kyh gksrh- R;keqGs R;kyk ,d vukfed ikfo=; o ekaxY; izkIr >kys gksrs-
Ikq<s ekekauk 1993 lkyh xksfoaniarkaP;k xaxqckbZ ukaokP;k cfg.khyk nRrd fnys- i.k gk ^nRrd* xaxqckbZP;k lkljP;k yksdkauk ekU; uOgrk- dkjr rs ijxks=kryk eqyxk gksrk Eg.kwu- ?kksljokMdjkaps xks= ^tenfx* rj f’kiwjdjkaps ^^Hkkj}kt** vkf.k HkkÅcankarhy vlwu izfrLi/khZ gksrs ^jkepanz xaqaMks dqyd.khZ ] f’kiwjdj \ R;kauh “ka-Hkk-xaxqckbZph f’kiwj vkf.k vtqZuh ;sFkhy 50 ,dj QqdV tfeu gMi dsyh o R;kps mRiUu vk;rs ?ksr jkfgys- f’kiwj gs R;kosGh bpydjath laLFkkukrhy xkao R;keqGs ^dksVkZr* dsl ?kkryh- i.k nqnSokph xks’V v’kh gksrh dh bpydjathP;k ?kksjiMs ljdkj ;kaps dkjHkkjh Jh ykVdj gs izfrLi/;kps vkbZps oMhy Eg.kts izR;{k ljdkjkaP;k dkjHkkÚ;k fo:/n nkynk gksrk- R;keqGs ofdyi= nsf[ky ?;k;yk dks.k r;kj uOgrs- cja bdMs tuda ?kjk.;kph vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrh ;kauk enr djkoh v’kh uOgrh fdacgquk tud ?kjk.;krhy LFkkoj taxekoj nRrd xsY;keqGs dkgh vf/kdkj uOgrk vkf.k nRrd oMhy ikWiVhZ v’kh dksVkZr vMdysyh R;keqGs ekekaph fLFkrh ^uk ?kjdk] uk ?kkVdk* v’khp gksrs-dsoG nsokojhy ekekaph vVG J/nk T;ksfr’k’kkL= vH;kl o oMhykapk vkf’kokZn ;k tksjkoj ekekauh iUukl ,dj tfeuhpk Hkjfidkoj dCtk feGfoyk- R;kpk lkjk bfrgkl Eg.kts ,d jkseg’kZd dgk.kh vkgs- R;koj ,d iqLrdp fygkos ykxsy (ftKklquh ^e/kqlap;* okpkos )- ;k lanHkkZr nksu gfddrh lkaxk;ykp gO;kr R;kaP;k iq<hy thoukP;k n`’Vhus dykV.kh (Turning Point) ns.kkj vkgsr-
Ekkekaps oMhy ,d fl/n iq:’k gksrs- R;kauk vkiys vorkj dk;Z dsOgka lai.kkj vkgs gs vxksnj ,d o’kZ dGys gksrs- “kwj vksG[kkok j.kha] lk/kq vksG[kkok ej.kh] vl Eg.krkr- “kwjkps “kwjRo j.kkax.kkr dGrs- lk/kqps lk/kqRo@fl/nRo R;kps ej.kkauh dGrs- nknkauh ^xksfoaniarkauh* vkiys fu;kZ.k ,d o’kZ vkf/k lkafxrys gksrs- 1942 lkyh vkWDVksacj efgU;krhy Jh gks;- vkIikpsokMhph ;k=k QqVyh nksUgh iky[;k ^dqyhZ o vkIikpsokMhph* fu?kkY;k- “ks&nksu’ks <ksyokys ygku eksBs <ksy cka/kwu ijrhP;k izoklkyk fu?kkys- izFke ygku eqykauh ok| dsys- ygkuls <ksy uarj R;kgwu eksB;k eqykaps <ksy R;k ekxs usgehps eksBh <ksyokys v’kh pkyysyh fnaMh vlrs- lnjsiklwupk jLrk rlk v:an vkgs- tsOgka iky[kh lnjsP;k eaM;kar vlrs R;kosGh] “ksoVP;k <ksyokyk Nksdjk y{e.k [kksrkaP;k neysY;k psgj;kus Mqyr Mqyr tkr vlrks- R;kapsekxs vlysyh rh <ksykaph jkax R;kcjkscj vlysY;k 100/150 N=k] nsokph ?kksMh] cdjh fnoVhokys] HkaMkj;kus ek[kysY;k diM;kfu’kh csHkku >kysys brj HkDr gs R;k v:an jLR;ko:u ;sr vlrkauk ykacwu unhP;k ik=kekxs] jLrk Hk:u okgrks vkgs vlsp okVr gksrs gs n`â€; vfr’k; foyksHkuh; fnlrs- ^,slk lksgGk LoxhZ ukgh* vlsp rqdkjkekizek.ks Eg.kkos ykxsy- tsOgka iky[kh Jh y{e.k [kksrkaP;k ?kjkleksj ;srs- R;kosGh frFks nknkapk xksfoaniar gR;kjkpk [ksG gksr vls- usgehizek.ks rks rlk >kyk- 1942 lkyh vkf.k iky[kh iq<s fu?kwu xsY;koj nknkauk ijr lapkj >kyk- ukpr ukpr Jh j?kq [kksrkaP;k lksI;koj ;sowu ^nknkauh* rs T;k rD;kyk Vsdwu clr vlysY;k rD;koj HkaMkjk Vkdyk vkf.k rs ikfgysY;k yksdkaP;k eukar ^pjZ* >kys- laikjkao nknkauh y{e.k [kksrkauk cksykowu ?ksrys rlsp vkiY;k rhu eqykauk cksykowu ?ksrys vkf.k lkafxrys dh gs >kMkps ^lapkj >kysY;k O;Drhps) “ksoVps o’kZ vkgs- iq<P;ko’khZ eh ;s.kkj ukgh rjh gh iajijk [kksr rqEgh o FkkVw;k rhu eqykauh feGwu pkyok;ph vkgs- Jh y{e.k [kksr izFke ekÖ;k okV.khizek.ks djsua Eg.kkys rasOgk ukFkkauh fuj[kwu lkafxrys dh ukgh rw i<s gksowu djk;yk gosl R;kar rq>s dY;k.k vkgs rls R;kauh y{e.k [kksrkadMwu opu ?ksrys vkf.k Lokjh Lokj >kyh- iq<s nknkauh usgeh Eg.kr vlr vkrka 6 efgus jkfgys 4 efgus 2 efgus ;k twu efgU;kar 5 rkj[ksyk nqikjh rhu oktrka eh vuarkP;k izoklkyk tk.kkj vkgs- 5 twupk fnol mtkMyk R;kaps /kkdVs fpjatho ikB nkcr gksrs- Fkksjys laMklyk u >kys rs MkWDVjP;kdMwu vkS’k/k ekekaP;k MksD;koj gkr Bsowu Eg.kkys “kadj rq>s lqfize dksVkZrhy dke rqÖ;k lkj[ks gksrs;- ek= ,d dj gs dke >kY;kcjkscj rwa nj vekoL;sl Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl tkr tk ! pqda udksl vkf.k 5-6-1943 jksth cjkscj 3 oktrk ^nqikjh* nsg Bsoyk- lky] efguk] rkjh[k o osG lkaxwu vlk nsg Bso.kkjk fl/n iq:’k eh ikfgyk rj ukghp i.k ,sdyk i.k ukgh dqBY;k mPp dksVkZrhy gk fl/n;ksxh vlyk ikfgts ;kph vkrka vkiY;kyk dYiuk ;srs-
;k fl/niq:’kkP;k lkax.ksizek.ks “kadjekekaps lqfize dksVkZrhy dke >kys rs lky gksrs 1946 o vkf.k “kadjekek ;kaP;k bPNsizek.ks osxGs >kys- 1947 lky xMcMhr o ufou lalkjkph ?kMh clfo.;kar fu?kwu xsys- vkf.k R;keqGs Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl vekoL;sl tkrk vkys ukgh vkf.k vkf.k dk; 1948 lkyh xka/kfo/kk uarj tks naxk mlGyk R;kpk u dGr ekeka ^cGh* >kys- HkkMîkus ufou ?ksrysys ^?kj* v{kjâ€k% csfpjk[k >kys- ekek ^fpUgfHkUu* >kys- dk; djkos dkgh dGsuk ,dk diM;kfuâ€kh ckgsj iMysY;k ekekauk dkagh fnol dq:anokMyk iywldjkauh ?kkrysY;k vUuN=kpk vkJ; ?;kok ykxyk- ,dk lkfRod larkikus ekek ^dkghdkG* ^fl/nkiwjgjhl* xsys- vkf.k nsokiq<s “kwU; eukus clwu lk/kq u;ukauh nsokyk fopk: ykxys ^^vlk dk; eh rq>k vijk/k dsyk;~ Eg.kwu eyk gh rwa fâ€k{kk fnyhl\ lkax eyk lkax! i-i-vP;qrkuan ljLorh ^Jh Vsacs Lokeh* P;k cjkscj u`flag ljLorhph iwohZ izR;{k cksyr vls Eg.ks rlsp bFks >kys- dkgh dkG ;sFkhy ,d iqtkjh Jh ^nsodqrs* vkiY;k “ksrkar cfMe jpr gksrk- cMhe dk; iki dsys vls fopkjrksl rj ,sd rqÖ;k ofMykauh rqyk rq>s lqfize dksVkZps dk; >kY;kcjkscj Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl nj vekoL;sl tk Eg.kwu lkafxrys gksrs dh ukgh\ xsykl dh\ R;kpk gk rMk[kk vkgs- lq[kh iki laU;klh >kyk vkgsl ;kp jk[ksrwu dk<wu nsrks rwa dkxyyk tk o vekoL;k /kj** “kadjekekaps MksGs [kkM~du m?kMays- dkxyyk “kadj ekekaph esOg.kh Jhirh xksdkad gksrh vkf.k frus useds ekekaph voLFkk c?kwu cksyoys gksrs- R;kizek.ks ekek dkxyyk xsys 1946 lkyph QkYxqu vekoL;syk o nqlÚ;k fnoâ€khP;k ikM.;kyk ekek xsys o rsFkwu nj vekoL;sps R;kauh ozr /kjys R;kosGh ifjfLFkrh eksBh fcdV gksrh- f’kiwjP;k tfeuh tcjnLrhus xqaMkauk isjY;k gksR;k o dq:anokMyk tkGiksGhrhy yksdkauk FkksMsQkj dtZ feGr gksrs- ekekaP;k vksGf[kus feGkys- dq:anokMgwu dkxyyk rjh dls tk;ps\ R;kosGh l/;klkj[kh isV~`ksyph VapkbZ gksrh- lkoZtfud ogkus deh gksrh vkf.k ekekaph “kâ€kh ukokph eqyxh uqdrhp ^V~~`k;QkWbZM*e/kwu mByh gksrh- fryk Lisâ€ky xkMhfâ€kok; usrka ;s.kkj uOgrs- dls tk;ps ,d ;{k izâ€u gksrk i.k ekekapk yksdlaxzg ,o<k eksBk gksrk dh ekekaP;kcnn~y okV.kkjk ^ftOgkGk* ekekaP;k dkeh vkyk dq:anokMps ^,y ih*lkgsc dh ts iksLV ekLVj tujy gksrs- R;kph xkMh gkrh rh xkMh ,u ih lkgsckauh nsowa dsyh vkf.k dkxyyk ;s.;kpk izâ€u lqVyk- dkxyyk ekeka ,d o’kZHkj vkiY;k dqVqacklg esOg.khdMs vkfJrklkBh jkfgys R;kosGh ,fizy 1948 lkyh ekekauk eqyxk >kyk- iq<s gGw gGw “ksrh rkC;kr vkyh xkMhP;k fu%â€okl Vkdyk- dkxy xkaoke/;s gGw gGw R;kaP;k vksG[kh gksow ykxY;k R;kaP;k tksfr’kâ€kkL=kP;k Kkukpk yksdkauk vuqHko ;sÃ… ykxyk fdR;sd R;kP;krhy nSoh “kDrheqGs yksdkauk R;kapscnn~y vknj okVw ykxyk ;krhy ,d egRokph ?kVuk Eg.kts dkxye/khy izfl/n odhy Jh ^ukMxksaMs* ;kaph vksG[k >kyh & rs gh ekekaP;klkj[ks xka/kh o/kkP;k vkxhr gksjiGys gksrs-^ nq%[khp lgk; gksrks nq%[kkr nq%f[krkyk* ;k U;k;kus R;kaukgh ekekaP;kcnn~y lgkuqHkwrh okVyh- ?kjksck ok<yk R;kr ukrslaca/k fu?kkyk Jh jkolkgsc ukMxksaMs ;kaph iRuh lkS bUnqrkbZ gh ekekaph l[kh Hkkph&cfg.khph eqyxh R;keqGs rh ;kauk ^ekek* Eg.kw ykxyh vkf.k “kadjekek&fâ€kiwjdj ekek >kys-
iq<s ^ekek* ukMxksaMs ;kaP;k ?kjkleksjhy Jh vkGrsdj ;kaps ?kjh jgk;yk vkys- R;kaP;k eqykaph ukMxksaMs ;kaph ?kjh ;s&tk gksowa ykxyh- ukMxksaMs ;kaps ,d vkn’kZ ,d= dqVqac gksrs- rhu dr`Rooku lqfâ€kf{kr o lqlaLdkfjr drsZ iq:’k R;kaps ofMy o dkdk R;kaP;k nso/keZ] dqykpkj] dqG/keZ lkaHkkG.kkj o oknkrhy lyks[;kus jkg.kkj;k vk;Z fL=;k R;kaph eqys&ckGs uksdj pkdj& ;s.ks tk.ks ?kjkrhy ,drk glr eq[kkus lkaHkkG.kkj;k o vfFkrh nsoks Hko v’kk Hkouk ckGx.kkj;k fL=;kauh mtGysys rs ?kj gksrs- oMhy/kkjh ek.klkcnn~y vknj o ygkukacnn~y ijeko/khps okRlY; FkksjkaP;k ygkukaP;k okx.;krwu fuFkGr gksrs- vâ€kk lqlaLdkfjr o fâ€k{k.kph vks< vl.kkÚ;k R;kaP;k eqyk ckGkar ekekaph eqys lgoklkr vkyh o R;kauk ,d osxGs ^,Dlikstj*feGkys- R;keqGs R;kaP;kgh thoukyk ,d Hkjtjh iksr ykHkyk-iq’dGosGka enrhl ;k;ph fâ€kiwj ;sFkhy dsljdj ukaokP;k ek.klkus ekekaP;kiq<s ,d v/kkZaxok;w >kysyk ek.kwl vk.kwu clfoyk R;kosGh ^ekek* fâ€kiwjP;k ljdkjh caxY;kar gksrs- ^ekek* uezrsus Eg.kkys dh vjs! MkWDVj yksdkauh R;kP;kiq<s gkr Vsdys vkgsr rj eh ikej dk; lkax.kkj\** rks Eg.kkyk ^^ukgh nknk! Ekekauk fâ€kiwjps j;r nknk * Eg.kk;ps rqeP;koj vkIikpsokMhpk gkyfl/nvkIik izlUu vkgs- rqEgh cksyky R;k mik;kus ek>k ek.kwl cjk gksbZy rsaOgk d`ik djk vkf.k dkaghrjh lkaxk** R;kaph rh J/nk ikgwu ekekauh nsokps ukao ?ksowu lqpyk rks mik; lkafxryk- ekek Eg.kkys ^gs c?k! ;kph v/kkZaxok;w >kysyh cktw ikjokGkP;k rkT;k jDrkus pksGk;ph o uarj ;kyk xje ik.;kus vka?kksG ?kky;ph* rls dsY;kus g;k :X.kkyk lyke iMys- FkksMh FkksMh R;kph gkypky gksowa ykxyh- dkgh fnol vls cÚ;kiSdh tkrkrk u tkrkr rso<;k ekekaP;k iq<s vk.kf[ku~ ,d ladV mHkk jkfgys ekekaps thou Eg.kts ,d Obstacle Race gksrh-
fâ€kiwjP;k ,dk dqfo[;kr xqaMkus ekekaP;k ,dk izkekf.kd uksdjkyk rach fnyh] ^^vjs , T;k R;k* gs c?k R;k cke.kkP;k “ksrkar tk;ps ukgh- xsykl rj xqM?;krwu [kkyh rq>s nksUgh ik; dk<hu* i.k T;ksrh ^?kkVxs* u Mxexrk R;kyk Eg.kkyk ^^gs c?k ckcw iokj! Ekh R;kps ehB [kkrks;~ eyk tk.ka Hkkx vkgs dh js** T;ksrh us iVdkiV izkekf.kdi.kkus o /kkMlkus lkafxrys vkf.k dkxyyk ekekauh ;sowu R;kus lkafxrys- ckcw iokj ijâ€kqjkeklkj[kh dqÚgkM [kka|koj Vkdwup xkokar fQjr gksrk- R;kP;k /kedhps xkafHk;Z vkf.k dk;\ rqdkjkekus foBksckyk mnn~s’kwu EgVys vkgs ^^tsFks tkrks rsFks rwa ek>k lkarrh* R;kizek.ks ukFkkauh ekekauk ,d la/kh miyC/k d:u fnyh- R;kosGps vk;~-th-ih- Jh ek:rjko dkeVs gs iUgkG;kyk vkys vlrkauk R;kauh ekekauk HksVk;yk cksykoys- R;kosGh Hkk’kkoj izkar jpuk >kyh uOgrh R;keqGs R;kaph iapkoUu gtkj iksfylkaP;koj gqder gksrh- Jh ek:rjko dkeVsP;k iRuhuk dkagh ekekauk izâ€u fopkjko;kps gksrs- R;klkBh csGxkaops Mh-,l~-ih- xkMh ?ksowu ekekauk cksyoko;kl vkys gksrs ekekauh R;kauk vkiyh vMp.k lkafxryh- rsOgk R;kauh lkgsckaP;k dkukoj gh xks’V ?kkyk;yk lkafxryh lkgsc fefVaxyk xsys vlrka ekekauh R;kaP;k iRuhP;k dkukoj gh gfddr ?kkryh- R;kuh lkgsc fefVaxgwy ijr vkY;kcjkscj gh gfddr lkaxrkp R;kauh csGxkaoyk Qksu ykoyk o R;kaps ukao lkaxwu R;kyk gnn~ikj djk;yk lkafxrys nqljs csGxkaogwu iksfylkph ,d xkMh vkyh vkf.k R;kauh ckcw iokjkps dk; djk;ps Eg.kwu fopk: ykxyh ekekauh R;kauk lkafxrys dh R;kyk Eg.kts R;k xaMkyk gnn~ikj dk; d: udk- i.k R;kyk ,dk V~`dkrwu dk<.;kcka/kwu xkokarwu fQjok yksdkauk dGw ns dh ekekaps fu’dkj.k ukao dk<ys rj dk; gksrs vkf.k dkagh rjh ,d ckWaM fygwu ?;k o lksMwu |k vkf.k vls gs ladV bZ’od`isus VGys-
egkjkâ€V~`kP;k fo/kku lHksr ^dqG dk;nk* ikfjr >ky vkf.k tfeu /kkjdkauh “ksrkiklwu ikap eSykP;k vkarp jgk;yk gos vâ€kh R;kar ^vV* gksrh\ /kwrZ ekekauh gh ckc Qkj xaHkhji.ks ?ksryh vkf.k Bjfoys dh vki.k dkxygwu vlrhy dk\ R;kps HkkMs ijoMsy dka\ vusd izâ€u gksrs R;kfâ€kok; ukMxksaMs yksdkapk ,o<k tho tMyk gksrk dh rs ekekauk lksMk;yk r;kj uOgrs- i.k dkGkph ikoys y{kkar ?ksowu ekekapk fu.kZ; Bke gksrk- 1956 lkyh ekek fuik.khl jgk;yk xsys- izFke fpexkaodj xYyhrhy Jh bLykeiqjs ;kaP;k ?kjh jgk;yk xsys- 1523 ?kj uacj gksrk- HkkMs gksrs :-15 rs nsf[ky tM okVr gksrs- ekekaP;k vkf.k /kkaosizek.ks ^:tw* LoHkko vlysus R;kauk ek.kls oâ€k gksr vls- yksdkauk oâ€k dj.;kps rs ,d x.kirhpk ^ea=* lkaxr o vki.kgh Eg.kr vkse Jh jgha Dyha Xys xa x.kir;s ojojn loZtuaes oâ€keku; Lokgk ** xqGkP;k Hkksorh tâ€kk eqaX;k tekO;kr râ€kh ekekaP;k Hkksorh ek.kls ter vlr R;kar xjhckiklwu vxnh nsopan “ksMthi;Zar loZ ek.kls vlr- vCnqy vfttiklwu rks iqjanjs-,e~-th- uSjkdj.kh tks’kh ^oS;;kdj.kh* lokZapk lekosâ€k vls nsopan dkWystps lqfo| izk/;kidkiklwu vfâ€kf{kr “ksrdÚ;ki;Zar vkikiys izâ€u ?ksowu vkrqZrsus ;sr- ,d xks’V foâ€ks’k uewn djk;yk goh dh dq.kkdMwugh rs ,d iSlk ?ksr ulr R;k ekxhy Hwfedk gh dh ekÖ;k lkax.;kar nsokpk ^Intiution* pk dkghrjh vaâ€k vkgs- R;kph iSâ€kkus fdaer djrka ;sr ukgh- 7 vkWDVksacj 1960 pk vlkp ,d izlax vkgs- Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMh ;sFkhy ;k=syk tk.;klkBh f’kiwjgwu cSyxkMîk vkY;k gksR;k- ^T;ksrh* o ^rqdkjke* ;kaph lkeku Hkj.;kph yxcx pkyyh gksrh- ekekaph rCcsr FkksMh cjh uOgrh vkf.k R;kpo’khZ Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl lad’Vh fno’kh xkMhph O;oLFkk d:u R;kauk MkW- ih- ch- Hknzs ;kaP;k nok[kkU;kr lkbZ ltZjh Yk{ehiqjhe/;s usys- R;kosGh dksYgkiwjkr dks.krsgh gkVZ Lis'kkfyLV uOgrs- MkW- xWzV iq.;kgwu efgU;krwu ,dnk ;k;ps- ekekaP;k cjkscj R;kapk Fkksjyk eqyxk dk; rks ,dVk cjkscj gksrk- ckdhph HkkoaMs ygku gksrh vkf.k vkR;kckbZauk vkbZyk lksMys ukgh- R;k thokph ¼lkS- vkbZph½ dk; ?kkyesy >kyh vlsy ;kph dYiuk vkt ;srs- nqljs fno'kh vkIikpsokMh ;k=spk nqljk fnol gksrk- vkf.k R;k fno'kh okMîkr egk:nzkfHk"ksd gksrk- ldkGh ekekauk FkksMh Mqydh ykxyh vkf.k R;kar ekekauk LoIu iMys- vFkkZr LoIu dk; vl.kkj R;kpk tks /;kl gksrk R;kpsp LoIu gksrs- uOgs n`"Vkar gksrk- Jh {ks= vkIikps okMh ;sFks egk:nz pkyyk vlwu 21 czkEg.k vkgsr- R;kr nksu o`/n czkEg.k isaxr vkgsr- eqykyk cksykowu R;kauh lkafxrys dh Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMh ;sFks brds czkEg.k vlwu R;krhy nksu isaxrkgsr- rw vkIikpsokMhl tk o rsFkhy rhFkZ o vaxkjk vk.kwu eyk yko Eg.kts ek>s ohl o"kkZauh vk;q"; ok<sy- R;kapk eqyxk Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl tkowu vkyk- ekekauh lkafxrY;kizek.ks loZ xks"Vh gksR;k- frFkyk vaxkjk o rhFkZ vk.kys- R;kauh fnys xsys- gGwwgGw R;akP;k izd`rhr lq/kkj.kk gksÃ… ykxyh- MkW- Hknzs ih- ch- ;kaph rj ekekaP;koj fuLlhe J/nk R;kar ,d izlax ?kMyk- MkW- ih- ch- Hknzsauk lRiq:"kkph n'kZu ?ks.;kph vkoM gksrh- Jh gkyfl/nukFkkapk ,d vofy;k HkDr uOgs- ,d izsf"krp dksYgkiwjyk vkys gksrs- R;kyk ckGwekek egkjkt vls yksd lacksf/kr- R;kaP;k n'kZukyk MkW- ih- ch- Hknzs xsys- o R;kauh R;kauk ueLdkj dsyk o vkiY;k /kuxjh Hkk"ksr ckGwekek R;kauk Eg.kkys] dks.k js gîks! R;kuarj dq.khrjh R;kauk lkafxrys- gs dksYgkiwjps izfl/n ltZu MkW- ih- ch- Hknzs R;koj ckGwekek MkW- Hknzspk gkr gkrkr ?ksr MkWDVj vxksnj ekekauk riklr- ekekauk ueLdkj d:u n'kZu ?ksr ex iq<s jkÃ…aM ?ksr vlr- iq<s ekek ohl o"ksZ vktkjh gksrs- R;kauk nE;kpk =kl gksrk- usgeh R;kaph Nkrh Hkjk;ph vkf.r rs vaFk:.kkyk f[kGk;ps- R;kapk eqyxk vkrk ch- ,- >kyk gksrk vkf.k R;kyk fo|keafnj fuik.kh ;sFks uksdjh dj.ks Hkkx iMys gksrs- ojpsoj ykx.kkÚ;k vkS"k/kkeqGs ?kj[kpZ ok<yk gksrk- o"kkZrwu ,dnk feG.kkjs mRiUu ¼'ksrhps½ rksdMs iMr gksrs- i.k nsokphp ;kstuk MkW- xkSre 'kgk] MkW- ihVj] MkW- lkrosdj o MkW- ch- th- dqyd.khZ ¼csGxko½ gs R;kaP;k gkdsyk vks Eg.k.kkjs gksrs
,dnk ekekauk ckWUdkVhl >kyk gksrk- Nkrh Hk:u xsyh gksrh- brD;kr MkW- ch- th- dqyd.khZ ;kapk csGxkogwu Qksu vkyk- ekek] rqEgh ?kjkr vkgkr uk\] eyk rqEgkyk HksVk;pa vkgs- ;koj eh ?kjhp vkgs ;srkuk LVsFkkLdksi ?ksÅu ;k eh vktkjh vkgs vls ekekauh lkafxrys- MkWDVj rklk nksu rklkr vkys- c?krkpk ekekauk tksjkpk ckWUdkVhl >kyk gksrk- R;kps :ikarj Iuseksfu;k e/;s gks.ks vo?kM uOgrs- rs ekekauk Eg.kkys rqEgkyk vWfeuksQk;yhuph batsD'kus vfr'k; xjtsps vkgs- fuik.khe/;s dks.kR;kp esfMdy LVksvlZe/;s vfeuksQk;yhuph batsD'ku uOgrh- R;koj MkWDVj Eg.kkys] ek>sdMs vkgsr- i.k rh csGxkoyk- i.k bFks iksgkspk;ph d'kh- brD;kr fuik.kh VsfyQksu ,Dlpsatps ofj"B vf/kdkjh ikVhy Eg.kwu ekekauk HksVk;yk vkys gksrs- rks gk laokn ,sdr gksrs- rs ,dne Eg.kkys] MkWDVj rqEgkyk csGxkoyk tk;yk fdrh osG ykxsy\] ,d rkl rs nhM rkl! MkWDVj Eg.kkys- /kjk nksu rkl rqeP;k nok[kkU;kpk iRrk dlk\ rqEgh dk; dj.kkj\] MkWDVjkauh fopkjys- MkWDVj nksu rklkauh rqeP;k nok[kkU;kr VsfyQksu ,Dlpsatpk ek.kwl ;sbZy- R;kpsdMs ekekaP;kdMs ?ksÅu ;sbZy vkf.k R;kizek.ks >kys 5&6 rklkr batsD'kus vkyh- MkW- xkSre 'kgkauh rh fnyh] ekek nksu fnolkar fgaMw fQ: ykxys- ekekauk vkrk eqyhaP;k yXukph dkGth ykxyh gksrh- i.k Jh ukFkkaP;k d`isus fr?khaukgh mRre LFkGs feGkyh o ekek fuf'par >kys- 1967 lkyh ekekaP;k FkksjY;k eqykps gh yXu >kys- /kkdVk eqyxk ch- Mh- ,l- f'kdk;yk eqacbZyk xsyk- R;kus izsefookg dsyk- ekekauk rs izFke ilar uOgrs- i.k iq<s vkxfrdrsus R;kauh rs ekU; dsys- ekekauk fi'kohrhy nw/k vkoMr uOgrs- Eg.kwu R;kauh fuik.khP;k ygku ?kjkr ,d EgSl ckGxyh gksrh- frps /kkjks".k nw/k R;kauk vkoMs- R;k EgS'khoj ekekapk Qkj yksHk gksrk- ?kjkr 'ksdMîkauh 'ksax iksrh ;k;ph rj R;kaph cksaMds ¼ckjhD;k 'ksaxk½ Eg'khyk [kk;yk ?kkyk;ps- R;kaph lkSHkkX;orh Eg.kk;ph ^^cktkjkyk iSls nsrkuk dkdw djrkr] i.k EgS'khyk lSy gkrkauh nsrk!** ekekaps vkoMhps rhu fo"k; & ,d 'ksrh] nqljk nso frljk pkyw jktdkj.k ;k rhu fo"k;kaoj fo'ks"kr% vkiY;k vjk/; nsorsps vuqHko lkaxrkuk rs rgku Hkwd gjowu clr o cksyr- xhrse/;s fLFkrizKkph y{k.ks lkaxrkuk ifgyk xq.k lkafxryk vkgs rks ^vekfuRokpk*- vkiyh izfl/nh gksÅ u;s ;kph rs yksd dkGth ?ksrkr- Lor%pk eku lUeku d:u ?ks.ks R;kauk vfr'k; oT;Z vlrs- ^osMsoh ekts nMs] efges ;s.ks* vls Kkus'ojkauh EgVys vkgs- ekekaP;k thoukrhy R;kapk osxGk ,d iSyw nk[kfo.kkjk gk iSyw vkgs- vCnqy vtkZ.k ukokps ,d eqlyeku x`gLFk ekekaps pkgrs gksrs- rs jkst ekekaP;k ?kjh ;sÅu xIik ekjhr clr vlr- ekek dks.kkyk dk; lkaxrkr] yksdkaph ekekaP;k fo"k;h dk; Hkkouk] R;kapk fnudze dlk dk;] mikluk djrkr ;kps ckjhd fujh{k.k d:u ?kjkarY;k yksdkauk FkkaxiRrk ykow fnyk ukgh- R;kauk ekekapk lRdkj djk;pk Bjfoyk- vxnh nsopan 'ksBthaP;k gLrs gkj ?kkywu lRdkj djk;pk csr R;kauh vk[kyk- R;klkBh R;kauh oxZ.kh xksGk dsyh- ekekaps uko lkafxrY;koj dq.khgh iS'kkyk ukgh EgVys ukgh- T;k fno'kh lRdkj djk;pk gksrk R;kP;k vknY;k fno'kh Jh xyxysdjkaP;k dMwu R;kauk gh dq.kdq.k ykxyh- ekek vCnqy vtkZ.koj brds HkMdys dh jkxkus FkjFkj dkiw ykxys vCnqy vtkZ.kuk cksykowu vk.kys vkf.k R;kauh tkc fopkjyk dh dks.kh gk miOnki rqEgkyk lkafxryk gksrk vkf.k eyk iqlV dYiuk rjh |k;ph rqEgh dk; dk; dsys rs lkaxk] dks.kkdMwu fdrh iSls ?ksrysr rs- R;kauh ;knh iq<s Vkdyh vkf.k 'kjesus eku [kkyh ?kkywu clys- R;kauk vls dk; gksbZy ;kph dYiuk uOgrh- rh ;knh ?ksÅu R;kauh vkiyk Fkksjyk eqyxk e/kw ;kpsdMs fnyh o ?ksrysys iSls izR;sdkps ijr d:u ;s vkf.k vlk dkgh dk;Zdze ukgh vls yksdkauk lkax] rks i;Zar eh tso.kkj ukgh Eg.kwu R;kauh fu?kwu lkafxrys- ?kjkrY;k lokZauk vfHkeku okVkok vlk R;kapk fu.kZ; gksrk vkf.k vCnqy vtkZ.kdMs c?kwu Eg.kkys] ^^vlk miOnki dj.kkj vlky rj ek>s nkj rqEgkyk can vkgs** gs y{kkr Bsok- R;kaps eqykauh lokZaps iSls ijr dsys o nks?ksgh cki&ysd la/;kdkGh 5 oktrk ldkGps tso.k tsoys] uOgs loZt.kp R;kosGh mik'kh gksrs- vlk >kyk lktjk R;kapk ok<fnol-
tSu /kekZps ,d eksBs Jkod fuik.khl vkys gksrs- R;kaps uko gksrs in~eklkxjth- rs tSu cLrhr mrjys gksrs- vfr'k; vkpkjlaiUu o foOnku o ekU;rk ikoysys vls rs lRiq:"k gskrs- ekekaph R;kaph ,dnk u pqdrk tkÅ ykxys- in~eklkxjph cksykowugh HkkxorkP;k ?kjh tkr ulr i.k ekekaP;kdMs ,d Hkkxorkps ?kj vkgs Eg.kwu vki.kgwu lkaxwu ;sÅu Qykgkj d: xsys- ,dnk R;kaP;kdMs eqacbZph dkgh Fkksj eaMGh vkyh gksrh- R;kauk HksV.;klkBh ekekauk eqn~nkegwu cksykowu ?ksrys o R;kaP;k dqaMY;k nk[kowu R;kaps Hkfo"; fopkjys- ekekauh rs brds vpwd Hkfo"; lkafxrys dh rh eqacbZph ek.kls [kw"k >kyh- rsOgk in~eklkxjhthauh fopkjys rqEgh T;k vkIikpsokMhl tkrk frFks rqEgkyk dkgh iS'kkph enr ;kapsdMwu goh vkgs dk\ gs Qkj eksBs /kuoku x`gLFk vkgsr- ekek R;kauk fouezi.kkus Eg.kkys] ^^udks vkgs!** ,dk /kuk<î ek.klkP;k lsosrwu eyk vkIikps okMhl dkgh djk;ps ukgh rj frFks ;s.kkÚ;k xjhc HkDrkaP;k :ik;k&:ik;k i/nrhus fuFkGk fpjk ?kMkok v'kh ek>h bPNk vkgs- gs ,sdwu ^fuOnZOn* >kysY;k ;k lk/kwiq:"kkP;k MksGîkar Vpdu ik.kh vkgs- rs xn~xnysY;k vkoktkar ekekauk Eg.kkys] ^^ekek! rqEgkyk ekfgr vkgs gs dks.k vkgsr rs\** gs njjkst ¼R;kosGh½ lkr yk[k feGdr vlysys VkbZEl vkWQ bafM;kps ekyd Jh- v'kksd tSu! rqeP;k fu%Li`grsus rh gywu xsyks- ekekaP;k thoukr vusd ukFkd`ikafdr ?kVuk ?kMY;k vkgsr- R;k lxGîk foLrkjHk;kLro bFks lkaxrk ;sr ukghr- ?kksljokM ;sFks jFklIrehiklwu lq: vlysyh ^^gkyfl/nukFkkaph** can >kysyh ;k=k ?kksljokMdj dqyd.kh ;kaps ?kjkrhy ijr ekekauh lq: dsyh o rh vkt rkxk;r of/kZ".kw rstkus rGir vkgs- ekek vkrk okuizLFkkJekdMs >qdys gksrs- R;kaP;k ,dk 'ksoV eqyhP;k yXukph dk; rh fpark gksrh- R;kaP;k nRrd ekrksJh dS- vackckbZ ¼vkR;k½ ;kaps gh vkrk fu/ku >kys gksrs-
R;k vuarkr foyhu >kY;k- 'ksoVP;k ?kVdsi;Zar R;kaps lksoGîk vksoGîkps Hkku ltx gksrs- ^ifMys oG.k bafnz;k ldyka* vls gksrs rs- ;Fkkodk'k ekekaP;k lokZar /kkdVîk eqyhps Jh ukFkkaP;k d`isus yXu >kys- ?kksljokM ;sFks ^lkfo=hckbZ f'kans*P;k lek/khyk nksu'ks o"ksZ >kyh Eg.kwu ,d eksBk ;K dsyk gksrk- R;kposGh /kkdVîk eqyhP;k lkljdMwu gksdkj vkyk gksrk- ekek Eg.kkys] ^gk eksBk 'kqHk 'kdwu vkgs] eh ek>h eqyxh fnyh* v'kh J/nsrwu fuekZ.k >kysyh fu'p;kRed cq/nh R;kaph >kyh vkf.k loZ xks"Vh ;Fkklkax ikj iMY;k- vkiyh ijaijk iq<s d'kh pkysy ;kph R;kauk fpark uOgrh- R;kauh eqykyk fyghysY;k ,dk i=kr R;kauh mYys[k dsyk gksrk] ^^ek>h ijaijk va'kr% dk gksbZuk rw pkyo'khy v'kh eyk [kk=h vkgs** vls ,d vk'okld okD; R;kauh fygwu Bsoys vkgs-
ekekaph rCcsr vkrk ojpsoj fc?kMw ykxyh- ekekapk xksrkoGk eksBk gksrk gs [kjs- R;kauk uk MkWDVj deh uk vkS"k/k deh] HkDreaMGh pkgrs ;kaph lkj[kh ;s&tk gksrh- rjh 'ksoVh ?kjh rs nks?ksp gksrs- ukgh Eg.kk;yk uank R;kaP;k g;rkpk eqyxk EgSl jk[k.;klkBh gksrk- R;kaph eqys R;kauk lkj[ks dksYgkiwjyk pyk lkaxr gksrs- i.k R;kaps eu ?ksr uOgrs- ,dnk R;kauk ^ekbZYM gkVZ vWVWd* vkyk- ex R;kauk xMcMhus gkWfLiVye/;s gkyfoys- vkB fnolkar loZ fBd >kys- R;kapk /kkdVk eqyxk vkrk MsfUVLV >kyk gksrk- R;kph iRuh ns[khy MkWDVjp gksrh- R;kauh jktkjkeiqjhr ,d eksBs ?kj ?ksrys gksrs- rsOgk pk.kk{k ekekaP;k y{kkr vkys dh] vkrk dksYgkiwjkl tk.;kO;frfjDr xR;arj uOgrs- vkf.k R;kauh vkojkvkoj dsyh- EgSl fodwu Vkdyh vkf.k rs dksYgkiwjyk vkys- jktkjkeiqjh nqljh xYyh- R;kapk Fkksjyk eqyxk i.k toG vlkok ;k dYiusus gksrs- okLrfod MkW- vfouk'kus ,dk QyWV ?ksryk gksrk- i.k vusd dksYgkiwjkrhy izfr"Bhr o Jhear MkWDVjkaP;krhy Ã…B&cl] R;kaP;k pkyysY;k ikVîkZ] feGr vlysyk vQkV iSlk ;keqGs R;kaps ;'k o iSlk ekekaP;k MksD;kr f'kjyk gksrk- R;kaps ik; tfeuhojp uOgrs- rj ijaijse/;s dqBs vl.kkj\ R;kauh dkghgh eqjor u Bsork ekekauk lkaxwu Vkdys] ^eyk dkgh izR;sd vekoL;syk xkMh |k;yk tesyp vls ukgh! rqEgh nqljh O;oLFkk c?kk* i.k ^lR;ladYikpk nkrk ukjk;.k* vlrks- bpydjathP;k ukuk egkjkt dqyd.khZ ;kaph o ekekaph vksG[k >kyh gksrh- frFks pky.kkÚ;k Hktukyk ns[khy rs xsys gksrs- R;kaP;k eukr gh bPNk iYyohr >kyh dh vki.k ekekauk nj vekoL;syk ?ksÃ…u tkos o vk.kwu iksgkspokos- R;kizek.ks rs d: ykxys- ekxs oGwu ikgrkuk ukFkkaP;k vkKsus lq: >kysY;k gîk vekoL;syk vuar vMp.khrwu tk.;kph d'kh dk; lks; >kyh gs ikfgys rj y{kkr ;srs dh ;k ekxs dkghrjh vukfed bZ'ojh lw= vkgs- 1960 i;Zar ekek lkekU; ek.klkizek.ks Jh {ks= vkIikpsokMhl ,l- Vh- tkr o ;sr- iq<s vktkji.k vkys- R;kosGh ,l- Vh- us tk.ks 'kD; uOgrs- rj R;kaps ijeHkDr Jh ek:rjko dne R;kauk vkiY;k xkMhrwu usr vlr o ijr vk.kwu lksMr vlr- iq<s ,d VWDlh pkyo.kkjs x`gLFk ^Jh lq[kh* ;kaph R;kaP;koj J/nk clyh o rs nj vekoL;syk R;kauk ?ksÃ…u tkr vlr o vk.kwu lksMr vlr- R;kuarj ekekaph rCcsr FkksMh'kh lq/kkjyh- ?kjkiklwu LVW.M i;Zar rs fjD'kkus tkÃ…r 'kdr gksrs- fuik.kh Msikse/;s Jh- ikVhy o dqyd.khZ cnywu ,d ,l- Vh- LVW.M bupktZ rj nqljs Msiks eWustj Eg.kwu vkys gksrs- nks?ksgh ekekaP;kdMs dkgh vMp.kh vkY;k dh fopkjk;yk ;sr- ;srk ;srk ekekaP;koj R;kaph J/nk clyh vkf.k ekekaph vkIikpsokMhyk tk.;kph vMp.k izsekph rkfdn dh tkrkuk xkMhr ekek clY;kfâ€kok; xkMh lksMk;ph ukgh ;srkauk ekekauk ?ksÃ…up ;k;ps vls 1978 i;Zar pkyys\ 1978 yk ekek dksYgkiwjyk jgk;yk vkys vkf.k dS- ukuk egkjkt dqyd.khZ R;kauk vkIikpsokMhl lksMw ykxys- eyk lkaxk ;k xks’Vh ?kq.kk{kj U;k;kus >kY;k vlrhy dk\ dk ;k ekxs dks.kkps rjh fu;kstuc/n lw= vlys ikfgts- Jh ukFkkaphp vn`â€; ;kstuk gs vkrk y{kkr ;srs- ekekauk iw.kZ dYiuk gksrh dh vkiyh vkrk “ksoVph osG vkyh vkgs Eg.kwu la/;kdkGP;k osGsyk ;qfuOgflZVhe/;s fQjk;yk ?ksÃ…u tk.;klkBh R;kaP;k fe=kph xkMh ;k;ph- rs fQ:u ;sr- R;kauk ekek MqcGs] eqGthckbZ] rkR;k ikV.ks oxSjs eaMGh HksVk;yk ;sr- ,dnk dq.khrjh R;kauk fopkjys dh ^^ekek] rqEgh ;sFks dâ€kkdjhrk vkyk;\** ?kjP;k ik;Ú;k p<rk p<rk rs Eg.kkys gksrs ^^ejk;yk** 9-9-1980 jksth Jko.k vekoL;k gksrh- rh R;kaphp vekoL;k vlysus ekek usgehP;k mRlkgkr gksrs- ekekapk tUe 09-11-1909 lkypk- 9 gk vkdMk R;kauk “kqHk gksrk- rs R;kauh uksanowugh Bsoys gksrs- R;kauh e/kh ;Mwjps izfl/n T;ksfr’kh Jh- eksdkâ€kh ;kapsdMwu ^dsrw vkanksyu* dqaMyh ekaM.;kph i/nrh fâ€kdwu ?ksryh gksrh o Lor%ph dqaMYkh ekaMwu vkiY;k e`R;qph laHkkO; rkjh[k dk<yh gksrh- R;kposGh R;kauh nsg Bsoyk ek= vf/kd ekl vlysus 20 fnolkapk Qjd iMyk- 09-11-1909 yk R;kaps vk;q’; laiys gksrs- i.k R;k fnoâ€kh R;kaphp vekoL;sus rhu fnol R;kaps vk;q’’ ok<ys-
vkf.k ,d iq.;kRek vuarkr foyhu >kyk- ^^fda >kdyh;k ?kMhpk fnok A dk; >kyk u dGs dsOgka Ar;kijh rks ikaMok A nsg Bsoh**
gk var uOgrk- rj gh thoueqDrh gksrh-
